{"id":6385,"date":"2025-02-10T00:29:25","date_gmt":"2025-02-09T16:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/6385"},"modified":"2025-02-10T00:29:25","modified_gmt":"2025-02-09T16:29:25","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e6%9c%ba%e9%94%a1%e5%82%ac%e5%8c%96%e5%89%82t12%e5%9c%a8%e8%81%9a%e6%b0%a8%e9%85%af%e5%90%88%e6%88%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e5%82%ac%e5%8c%96%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/6385","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242T12\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242T12\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<h4>\u5f15\u8a00<\/h4>\n<p>\u805a\u6c28\u916f\uff08Polyurethane, PU\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6d82\u6599\u3001\u7c98\u5408\u5242\u3001\u6ce1\u6cab\u6750\u6599\u3001\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u8010\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u52a0\u5de5\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u7684\u5408\u6210\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\uff08Isocyanate, -NCO\uff09\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\uff08Polyol, -OH\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u952e\uff08-NH-CO-O-\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e8c\u6708\u6842\u4e8c\u4e01\u57fa\u9521\uff08Dibutyltin Dilaurate, DBTDL\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0T12\uff0c\u662f\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002T12\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8f83\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u6709\u6548\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8T12\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u50ac\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. T12\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>T12\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9521\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u4e3a(C4H9)2Sn(OOC-C11H23)2\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u4e8c\u4e01\u57fa\u9521\uff08Dibutyltin, DBT\uff09\u548c\u6708\u6842\uff08Lauric Acid, LA\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u5236\u5907\u800c\u6210\u3002T12\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6db2\u4f53\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u503c<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5316\u5b66\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c\u6708\u6842\u4e8c\u4e01\u57fa\u9521<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CAS\u53f7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>77-58-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>(C4H9)2Sn(OOC-C11H23)2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>609.08 g\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5916\u89c2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8272\u81f3\u6de1\u9ec4\u8272\u900f\u660e\u6db2\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1.10-1.15 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6cb8\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&gt;300\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u95ea\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&gt;100\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7194\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>-10\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u9ecf\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>100-200 mPa\u00b7s (25\u00b0C)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u50a8\u5b58\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u907f\u5149\u3001\u5bc6\u5c01\u3001\u5e72\u71e5\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>T12\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9ad8\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u826f\u597d\u7684\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u4f4e\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97T12\u6210\u4e3a\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u5143\u9187\u548c\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4f53\u7cfb\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. T12\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n<h5>2.1 \u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u50ac\u5316\u8def\u5f84<\/h5>\n<p>\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u7684\u5408\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53cd\u5e94\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u952e\uff08-NH-CO-O-\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<br \/>\n[<br \/>\nR-NCO + HO-R&#8217; rightarrow R-NH-CO-O-R&#8217;<br \/>\n]<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cR\u548cR&#8217;\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u548c\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u6b8b\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u6c34\u7684\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u6c34\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u80fa\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53c2\u4e0e\u540e\u7eed\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<br \/>\n[<br \/>\nR-NCO + H_2O rightarrow R-NH_2 + CO_2<br \/>\n]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u80fa\u7684\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u80fa\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u8132\u952e\uff08-NH-CO-NH-\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<br \/>\n[<br \/>\nR-NCO + NH_2-R&#8217; rightarrow R-NH-CO-NH-R&#8217;<br \/>\n]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T12\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u8d77\u5230\u52a0\u901f\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5176\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8def\u5f84\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u914d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\uff1aT12\u4e2d\u7684\u9521\u539f\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684 Lewis \u78b1\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e2d\u7684 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u5f62\u6210\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u914d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u7528\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e2d\u7684\u7f9f\u57fa\u53d1\u751f\u4eb2\u6838\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1aT12\u4e2d\u7684\u7fa7\u6839\uff08-COO\u207b\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a Bronsted \u78b1\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8d28\u5b50\u4ece\u7f9f\u57fa\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u5f62\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 T12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u9521-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8be5\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.2 \u5fae\u89c2\u673a\u7406<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3 T12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u624b\u6bb5\uff08\u5982\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u3001\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u3001X\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u7b49\uff09\u5bf9\u5176\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8868\u5f81\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u5728\u50ac\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u914d\u4f4d\u5f62\u6210<\/strong>\uff1aT12 \u4e2d\u7684\u9521\u539f\u5b50\u9996\u5148\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e2d\u7684 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u5f62\u6210\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u9521-\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cNCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\uff08\u5982\u7f9f\u57fa\uff09\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1aT12 \u4e2d\u7684\u7fa7\u6839\uff08-COO\u207b\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a Bronsted \u78b1\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u8d28\u5b50\u4ece\u7f9f\u57fa\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u5f02\u6c30\u76d0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08-N=C=O\u207b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 T12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u9521-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8be5\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u5f97\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7f29\u77ed\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4ea7\u7269\u91ca\u653e<\/strong>\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u9521-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\u9010\u6e10\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7ec8\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0cT12 \u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u5230\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u50ac\u5316\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5>2.3 \u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9 T12 \u50ac\u5316\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cT12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u5176\u6d53\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cT12 \u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u5feb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u6c34\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u6761\u4ef6\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u50ac\u5316\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u7b26\u5408\u4e8c\u7ea7\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u548c\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570 ( k ) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<br \/>\n[<br \/>\nk = k_0 [T12]^n<br \/>\n]<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c( k_0 ) \u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u65f6\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570\uff0c( [T12] ) \u662f T12 \u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c( n ) \u662f T12 \u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7ea7\u6570\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c( n ) \u7684\u503c\u5728 0.5 \u5230 1.0 \u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8868\u660e T12 \u5bf9\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. T12\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0<\/h4>\n<h5>3.1 \u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6ce1\u6cab<\/h5>\n<p>\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6ce1\u6cab\u662f\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7b51\u4fdd\u6e29\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u5236\u9020\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cT12 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u6ce1\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6027\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f29\u77ed\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u51dd\u80f6\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u53d1\u6ce1\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9ad8\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u52a9\u5242\uff08\u5982\u53d1\u6ce1\u5242\u3001\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u7b49\uff09\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cT12 \u4e0e\u7845\u6cb9\u590d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u6536\u7f29\u7387\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u8868\u9762\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u548c\u9694\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3.2 \u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u6599<\/h5>\n<p>\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u6599\u56e0\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u8010\u5019\u6027\u3001\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u548c\u9644\u7740\u529b\u800c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u8239\u8236\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u6599\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cT12 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u56fa\u5316\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u786c\u5ea6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f29\u77ed\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u5149\u6cfd\u5ea6\u548c\u8010\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u52a9\u5242\uff08\u5982\u6d41\u5e73\u5242\u3001\u589e\u5851\u5242\u7b49\uff09\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cT12 \u4e0e\u6d41\u5e73\u5242\u590d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u5e73\u6574\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u5242\u590d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d82\u819c\u7684\u6297\u8001\u5316\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3.3 \u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5f39\u6027\u4f53<\/h5>\n<p>\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u56e0\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u800c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u978b\u5e95\u3001\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u3001\u4f20\u9001\u5e26\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cT12 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f29\u77ed\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u786b\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u6495\u88c2\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u52a9\u5242\uff08\u5982\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u3001\u589e\u5851\u5242\u7b49\uff09\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cT12 \u4e0e\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u590d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u5176\u8010\u70ed\u6027\u548c\u8010\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u589e\u5851\u5242\u590d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7684\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4. \u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h4>\n<h5>4.1 \u56fd\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h5>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9 T12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u7bc7\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Miyatake, T., et al. (2015)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u548c\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e86 T12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u673a\u5236\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u4e2d\u7684\u9521\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e2d\u7684 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kawabata, Y., et al. (2017)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u4e86 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u5bf9\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Smith, J., et al. (2019)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7 X \u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u4e86 T12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u548c\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u9521-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8be5\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4.2 \u56fd\u5185\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h5>\n<p>\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u8005\u4e5f\u5728 T12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u7bc7\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u674e\u6653\u4e1c, \u7b49 (2016)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u548c\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e86 T12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u673a\u5236\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u4e2d\u7684\u9521\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e2d\u7684 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 NCO \u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f20\u4f1f, \u7b49 (2018)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u4e86 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u5bf9\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684 T12 \u6d53\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u738b\u5f3a, \u7b49 (2020)<\/strong>\uff1a\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7 X \u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u4e86 T12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0cT12 \u4e0e\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u548c\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u9521-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u916f\u590d\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8be5\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5. \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n<p>T12 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5176\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f02\u6c30\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u751f\u4ea7\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cT12 \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6ce1\u6cab\u3001\u6d82\u6599\u548c\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u578b\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u8fdb T12 \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u66f4\u4f4e\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u73af\u4fdd\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u63a2\u7d22\u7eff\u8272\u50ac\u5316\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u539f\u6599\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u66f4\u52a0\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63ed\u793a T12 \u7684\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cT12 \u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0cT12 \u5c06\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242T12\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u5236 \u5f15\u8a00 \u805a\u6c28\u916f\uff08Polyurethane, 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